Relationships between Communication Satisfaction and Organizational Commitment of Academic Staff in a Selected Public University

This study was undertaken to examine the relationships between communication satisfaction and organizational commitment of academic staff in a selected public university. The study was also aimed at identifying the role of selected demographic factors on organizational commitment. Stratified random sampling was employed in the sample selection and a total of 252 academic staff participated in the survey by returning the self-administered questionnaire distributed to them. Statistical analysis used in the study included descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson Correlation, and Multiple Regression using both enter and stepwise methods. Based on the study, it has been found that more academic staff were moderately satisfied with the communication practices in the university. Among the eight dimensions of communication satisfaction, subordinate communication achieved the highest satisfaction level as rated by the respondents. In terms of organizational commitment, the academic staff had high affective commitment and moderate continuance and normative commitments. Gender, tenure, and position were observed to differ significantly only in terms of respondents7 affective commitment. Higher affective commitment was observed mostly from the professors and associate professors and from those who had been with the university for more than 20 years. Results of correlation analysis showed significant bivariate relationships between the eight dimensions of communication satisfaction and organizational commitment. However, multiple regression analysis revealed that only four dimensions of communication satisfaction were significant predictors of organizational commitment. Media quality, horizontal communication, and organizational integration were observed to be good predictors of affective commitment. While media quality and horizontal communication were found to be predictors of continuznce commitment, communication climate tended to be a significant predictor of normative commitment. The study has shown that communication satisfaction plays an important and direct role in the organizational commitment of the respondents. The results suggest that in order to increase the organizational commitment of the academic staff, the selected university should improve its communication practices especially in the aspects of media quality, horizontal communication, organizational integration, and communication climate. Channels of communication should be developed, improved, and maintained to ensure a better communication atmosphere. Ln addition, the organization should encourage its academic staff to develop their academic career by providing ample opportunities for them to conduct research and further their studies

Parametric Spiral And Its Application As Transition Curve

Lengkung Bezier merupakan suatu perwakilan lengkungan yang paling popular digunakan di dalam applikasi Rekabentuk Berbantukan Komputer (RBK) dan Rekabentuk Geometrik Berbantukan Komputer (RGBK). The Bezier curve representation is frequently utilized in computer-aided design (CAD) and computer-aided geometric design (CAGD) applications. The curve is defined geometrically, which means that the parameters have geometric meaning; they are just points in three-dimensional space

Pengembangan Media Pembelajaran Google Spreadsheet di Dayah Darul Ihsan Aceh Besar

The Paperlees concept is to reduce the use of paper in schools with the aim of effectiveness and efficiency in school management. All of this can be done with the help of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) which has developed rapidly at this time. The World 4.0 era with increasingly advanced technology turned out to have a positive impact on various lines of life. Even in educational institutions, even though technological advances have also begun to be applied. For example, using Google Sheets for attendance, collecting test scores, and student data and others. However, the use of this technology will fail if there is no special training for teachers or educators. Using Google Sheets for attendance and assessors makes it very easy for teachers and academic departments to collect data in real-time. Based on this fact, writing this article aims to explain what steps were taken by Dayah Darul Ihsan in training educators about Google Spreadsheets. This article combines qualitative data from 3 teaching staff respondents to get objective results about the ease and difficulty of using Google Sheets. Based on field studies, it was found that it was easy and several obstacles in using Google Spreadsheet by teachers. convenience; data connection in real-time between the teacher who teaches the homeroom and the academic division of Dayah. Constraint; the small screens of Android devices, the large number of old teaching staff who have difficulty using the media and the limited access to the WIFI network at Dayah Darul Ihsan. This study is considered new because it describes training on the use of technology at Dayah educational institutions. The findings from this article can be used in developing and optimizing the use of technology in Dayah/Madrasah. Maximum use of technology can improve the quality of education in Aceh and Indonesia in general

The effect of silane treatment on nanosized carica papaya seed modified pullulan as biocoagulant in wastewater treatment

Currently, conventional wastewater treatment process used chemical coagulant such as Aluminium sulphate. However, the residual aluminium in treated wastewater causes toxicity and serious health issues such as Alzheimer’ disease. Thus, in this study the potential of nanosized Carica Papaya (CP) seeds treated by silane coupling agent incorporated to pullulan on wastewater treatment was investigated. The biocoagulant produce prepared at a different composition of CP range from 1% to 9% was used to treat sewage wastewater. The biocoagulant was characterized by particle size analyser, FTIR and FESEM. The treated wastewater was analyzed by jar test in term of turbidity, pH, dissolved oxygen and Total Suspended Solid with biocoagulant dosage at 0.6 g/L. The size of nanosized biocoagulant was obtained at 608.9 nm. Silane treatment provides well dispersion of nanosized Carica Papaya seed powder in the pullulan matrix phase. FTIR analysis shows the presence of O-H, C=O and Si-O-CH3 bond. The highest turbidity reduction observed at the composition of nanosized CP5/P and silane treated nanosized CP5/P up to 93.89% and 93.98% respectively. However, no significant changes observed on turbidity reduction with increasing CP seeds content for both biocoagulant. Further, at these compositions, the TSS reduced up to 20% and 60% respectively. The DO value of wastewater decreased from the initial value and the increased the pH from 6.58 to 6.69 lead to the neutral condition. Therefore, the effectiveness of both untreated and silane treated biocoagulant were further confirmed upon textile wastewater with turbidity reduction achieved up to 7.84% and 14.54 % respectively. Overall, silane treatment enhanced the effectiveness of nanosized CP modified pullulan as biocoagulant

The Impact of FDI on Economic Growth under Foreign Trade Regimes: A Case Study of Pakistan

FDI has been one of the defining features of the world economy over the past two decades. It has grown at an unprecedented pace for more than a decade. Liberalisation of the foreign trade regime is an integral part of growth of FDI. This paper investigates the trade policy regime followed by Pakistan that has influenced significantly both the amount of inward FDI received and economic growth. Our findings maintain that the Bhagwati Hypothesis Emphasis on both export promotion policy and inward FDI on the part of the government can get the desired result of economic growth.Foreign Investment, Economic Growth, Trade, Pakistan

MONETARY EXCHANGE RATE MODEL REVISITED: COINTEGRATION AND FORECASTING IN HETEROGENEOUS PANEL DATA

ABSTRACT This study re-examines the exchange rate-monetary fundamentals link with in a panel data framework. Pure time series and pooled time series-based tests fail to find empirical support for monetary exchange rate models (Sarantis (1994) and Groen (2000)). Using recently developed Panel Data Techniques; we would test the exchange rates and monetary fundamentals in a quarterly panel of 19 countries mostly from developed region extending from 1973.1 to 1997.1. Present analysis would be centered on three issues. First, we test whether exchange rates cointegrated with long run determinants predicted by economic theory. For this purpose, we would be employed Pedroni (1997) and Larsson et al (2001) panel cointegration tests for empirical validation of the study. Second, we will also test the short run implications of exchange rate model. These short run implications will be tested; through adapting the panel VEC model the short run identification schemes of Johansen and Juselius (1994). The last issue is to examine the ability for monetary fundamentals to forecast future exchange rate returns. The present endeavor will follow Mark and Sul (2001) approach for forecasting in the case of Panel Data Testing.Panel cointegration; Prediction; Exchange rates.

Functionalisation of ethylene-propylene rubber with glycidyl methacrylate in the presence of comonomer and in situ compatibilisation of PET/f-EPR blends

The main aim of this work was two fold, firstly to investigate the effect of a highly reactive comonomer, divinylbenzene (DVB), on the extent of melt grafting of glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) on ethylene-propylene rubber (EPR) using 2,5-dimethyl-2,5-bis-(tert-butyl peroxy) hexane (Trigon ox 101, Tl 01) as a free radical initiator, and to compare the results with a conventional grafting of the same monomer on EPR. To achieve this, the effect of processing conditions and chemical composition including the concentration of peroxide, GMA and DVB on the extent of grafting was investigated. The presence of the comonomer (DVB) in the grafting process resulted in a significant increase in the extent of the grafting using only a small concentration of peroxide. It was also found that the extent of grafting increased drastically with increasing the DVB concentration. Interestingly, in the comonomer system, the extent of the undesired side reaction, normally the homopolymerisation of GMA (polyGMA) was shown to have reduced tremendously and in most cases the level of polyGMA was immeasurable in the samples. Compared to a conventional EPR-g-GMACONV (in the absence of a comonomer), the presence of the comonomer DVB in the grafting system was shown to result in more branching and crosslinking (shown from an increase in melt flow index (MFI) and torque values) and this was paralleled by an increase in DVB concentration. In contrast, the extent of grafting in conventional system increased with increasing the peroxide concentration but the level of grafting was much lower than in the case of DVB. Homopolymerisation of GMA and excessive crosslinking of EPR became dominant at high peroxide concentration and this. reflects that the side reactions were favorable in the conventional grafting system. The second aim was to examine the effect of the in-situ functionalised EPR when used as a compatibiliser for binary blends. It was found that blending PET with functionalised EPR (ƒ-EPR) gave a significant improvement in terms of blend morphology as well as mechanical properties. The results showed clearly that, blending PET with ƒ-EPRDVB (prepared with DVB) was much more effective compared to the corresponding PET/ƒ-EPRCONV (without DVB) blends in which ƒ-EPRDVB having optimum grafting level of 2.1 wt% gave the most pronounced effect on the morphology and mechanical properties. On the other hand, blends of PET/ƒ-EPRDVB containing high GMA/DVB ratio was found to be unfavorable hence exhibited lower tensile properties and showed unfavorable morphology. The presence of high polyGMA concentration in ƒ-EPRCONV was found to create damaging effect on its morphology, hence resulting in reduced tensile properties (e.g. low elongation at break). However, the use of commercial terpolymers based on ethylene-methacrylate-glycidyl methacrylate (EM-GMA)or a copolymer of ethylene-glycidyl methacrylate (E-GMA) containing various GMA levels as compatibilisers in PET/EPR blends was found to be more efficient compared to PET/EPR/ƒ-EPR blends with the former blends showing finer morphology and high elongation at break. The high efficiency of the terpolymers or copolymers in compatibilising the PET/EPR blends is suggested to be partly, higher GMA content compared to the amount in ƒ-EPR and due to its low viscosity